Application Rates

The application may be at one of the following rates:

1. Continuous:
   1. Prevent veliger settlement: 0.125 mg L-1 ClO2 (Klerks, Fraleigh, and Stevenson 1993).
   2. Veliger control: 0.25 to 5.0 mg L-1 for 3 to 9 days (Rusznak et al. 1995).
   3. Adult control: 0.15 to 5.0 mg L-1 above oxidant demand for 2 to 4 days (Smolik et al. 1995).

2. Intermittent: 0.25 mg L-1 for 15 minutes duration, four times daily, reduced settlement by 95 percent versus an untreated system and successfully controlled postveliger mean densities to less than 600 individuals per m2 (Mallen et al. 1997).

3. Periodic: 2- to 4-day applications injected at 0.6 to 1 ppm, 3 to 4 times a year gave 70 to 100 percent mortality of adults in bioboxes (Tsou et al. 1995; Holt and Ryan 1997).

Zebra Mussel Chemical Control Guide

Chlorine Dioxide