Anatomy and Physiology

 

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The anatomy and physiology of zebra mussels have been extensively studied both in Europe and North America. The following sections provide an overview of these topics and references to more detailed treatments of these subjects.

 

Life History and Biology Introduction

Shell and Muscles

Circulation

Osmoregulation

Excretion

Water Circulation

Feeding, Digestion, and Respiration

Reproduction

Nervous System and Sense Organs

Foot and Byssal Threads